The 10th class is an important milestone in one’s educational journey. It is often a turning point in one’s education and also plays a vital role in deciding one’s future career. Class 10 maths, in particular, has a very important space in the entire high school studies. 10th standard math prepares students for the complex questions that they will be introduced to in high school.
10th standard maths is also very important as it lay a deep focus on the important chapters and concepts that students have studied only briefly in the previous classes. Apart from going into detail with the previous concepts, it also introduces students to some new ones.
Similar to the 9th class maths syllabus, the class 10 math syllabus is also divided into units. The class 10 maths question paper will have questions from 7 different units of mathematics. These units contain a varied number of chapters pertaining to the category of the unit. The 7 units in the class 10 maths are as follows:
Unit I – Number system
Unit II – Algebra
Unit III – Coordinate Geometry
Unit IV – Geometry
Unit V – Trigonometry
Unit VI – Mensuration
Unit VII – Statistics and probability
Before having a brief view of the individual units, chapters they contain, and the topics studied in each chapter, let us give a quick glance at the marking scheme for 10th standard maths. According to CBSE, each unit in class 10 math has been given some weightage in terms of marks in the class 10 maths question paper. The marks weightage for each unit is different.
Unit I – Number system has the weightage of 6 marks, Unit II – Algebra has the weightage of 20 marks, Unit III – coordinate geometry has the weightage of 6 marks, Unit IV – Geometry has the weightage of 15 marks, Unit V – Trigonometry has the weightage of 12 marks, Unit VI – Mensuration has the weightage of 10 marks, and Unit VII – Statistics and probability has the weightage of 11 marks.
Having discussed the marks-wise weightage of each unit, let us now look at the syllabus of class 10 math in a more precise way. Following is a brief analysis of each unit with the chapters and topics covered in them.
The overall course structure of class 10 maths is very similar to class 9 maths. Even, the units are the same, but more topics are added and more complex problems are thrown at students for the concepts which they have already studied in the 9th class maths syllabus. There is one additional unit in class 10th as compared to class 9th. This unit is trigonometry and will be introduced to students as an important part of mathematics.
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The first unit, Number system in 10th standard maths contains only one chapter that is Real Numbers. This chapter studies the following topics:
When we closely look at the marks- wise weightage of the class 10 math syllabus, we’ll realize that maximum weightage is given to the second unit, Algebra. Hence, this is undoubtedly one of the most important parts of the 10th grade maths syllabus. This second unit contains four chapters. Let us look at the topics covered in each of these chapters.
In addition to the previous concepts and knowledge of polynomials as studied in class 9th, this chapter will have more complex questions. Two main topics covered here are:
In this chapter of ncert 10th class, students will recall the previous knowledge of linear equations in one variable and two variables. In the last grade, they studied linear equations in two variables, here, they’ll study pair of linear equations in two variables. The main topics covered here are:
This is the fourth chapter in the NCERT math book class 10. This chapter deals with quadratic equations and their solutions. The main topics covered are:
The Arithmetic progression is a very interesting chapter in 10th grade maths. This helps students in understanding arithmetic and motivates them to study the arithmetic progressions. It focusses on finding the nth term and sum of the first n terms of an A.P.
The third unit in NCERT math book class 10 is about the coordinate geometry. In the previous class, students learn some basic concepts about coordinate geometry and how to place the coordinates on a graph or line. Here, they’ll revise those concepts and also learn:
The fourth unit of class 10 maths is Geometry. This unit has three chapters namely, triangles, circles, and constructions. Students have studied these in the previous class. Here, along with revising the old concepts, they will learn some new topics in these chapters. The topics covered in each chapter are as mentioned below.
It basically contains motivates and proofs along with some definitions and examples. The motivates and proves in the chapter are as follows:
It basically contains proofs along with some definitions and examples. The motivates and proves in the chapter are as follows:
As studied earlier, this is a practical-based chapter. As in the previous class, students learn drawing various angles without using a protractor, here they will learn:
The sixth unit of class 10 math is trigonometry. This is a new and very important part of the class 10 maths syllabus. It contains three chapters. The topics covered in each of the three chapters are mentioned below.
Here, students will get an introduction to the trigonometry along with some basic concepts. The main topics covered in this chapter are:
Following the introduction chapter is the chapter that studies about the trigonometric identities. These are very important identities that students will use even in higher classes for solving complex trigonometry problems. The main topic covered in this chapter is about the proof and applications of the identity sin2A + cos2A = 1.
This is the third chapter in the trigonometry unit in class 10 maths. This chapter focusses on the following topics:
Similar to the previous class, the menstruation unit in 10th standard maths areas, surface areas, and volumes. However, it does have some additional concepts and complex problems. It contains two chapters and the following are the topics covered in each of them.
This chapter is very concise and highly focusses. The first main topic discusses the concepts and questions of the surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of the following: cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres, and right circular cylinders/cones. The second part focusses on the problems involving converting one type of metallic solid into another and other mixed problems
The first chapter in this unit VII of the class 10 math syllabus, statistics, contains the following main topics: Mean, median, and mode of grouped data. The second chapter that is about probability contains topics including the classical definition of probability and simple problems on finding the probability of an event.